{"id":3145,"date":"2026-01-18T12:22:11","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T16:22:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/?p=3145"},"modified":"2026-04-05T14:03:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T18:03:07","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%ac%d8%a8%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%87%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%b4%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/?p=3145","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062c\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0623\u062c\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/strong> \u0625\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 (1798-1801)…\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062c\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b *** \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0651 \u0628\u0628\u063a\u064a\u0647 *** \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0628\u063a\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647 *** \u0648\u0639\u0630\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0646\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0641\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627 *** \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0632\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628\u0647\u0645 *** \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0630\u0644\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0641\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 *** \u0648\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0645\u064f \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0651\u0642 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 *** \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0651\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0643 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b *** \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632 *** \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u062c\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0636\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627 *** \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u0644\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0623\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 *** \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0634\u062a\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 *** \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0632\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0651 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0645 *** \u0641\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0645\u063a\u064a\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a\u0643 \u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b *** \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 *** \u0631\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a *** \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627 *** \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0651 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627 *** \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0651 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0647 *** \u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0647\u0644\u0645\u0651\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645 *** \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u062c\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u0627\u064b *** \u0648\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0639\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 *** \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0632\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0630\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0645 *** \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0645 *** \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 *** \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647*** \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0643 \u064a\u062e\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0630\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0641 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 *** \u0644\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0641\u0639\u062c\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0649 *** \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0641\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0636\u0627\u064b *** \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u064a\u0647\u0644\u0627<\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0623\u062c\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u00a0\u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 (1798-1801)…\u00a0 \u0623\u062c\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b *** \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0627. \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u00a0\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0651 \u0628\u0628\u063a\u064a\u0647 *** \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0628\u063a\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647 *** \u0648\u0639\u0630\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0644<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9568,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2024],"tags":[704,17],"class_list":["post-3145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2024","tag-704","tag-17"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3145"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16974,"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3145\/revisions\/16974"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9568"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3145"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alrashedoon.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}